Physical Properties
Special features of the material is its anisotropy, and hygroscopicity, on account of which its significant properties are formed.
Mechanical Properties
The knowledge of the mechanical properties of each wooden element is essential for the utilization of raw products and for its manufacture
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Density
Defined as the ratio of the mass of dry wood contained in a certain volume of wood and is the most important physical characteristic of timber.
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Hygroscopicity
The capacity of wood to dispose or to recruit humidity depending on the relative humidity and ambient temperature until it reaches a state of equilibrium.
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Percentage Moisture Content
Since the moisture content of all dependent mechanical properties of wood, the deformability, the durability, process-ability, resistance to fungi and insects, etc. This varies depending on the environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity) until the moisture content of the wood reaches an equilibrium rate.
Other physical properties
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Thermal Properties
The expansion and contraction are negligible along and perpendicular to the fibers and the thermal conductivity is low due to the porous structure.
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Acoustic properties
Wood is a poor conductor of sound produced outside of the wooden element and a good conductor for sounds produced within the mass of the wood element.
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Electrical properties
Wood is a dry insulating material
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Fire
Ignites at about 500 ° C, a temperature to achieve standard lumber dimensions need time. Due to the cellular structure and the insulating property of the cellulose, the heat is transmitted late in mass burning and the combustion state is limited to the exposed surface. High temperatures do not cause mechanical or chemical alteration in the non-mass burning of wood
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Strength, Flexibility Measures
Defined because the anisotropy of the material in different growth directions (parallel, perpendicular and at an angle to the fibers) and are influenced by the physical defects of the wood such as density, moisture and during development.
Higher density implies correspondingly larger durable wood.
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The drying
if not accompanied by deformation and cracking of the wood, significantly improves the mechanical properties.
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Lumber
as all materials, has categorized strengths depending on the species (conifers, broadleaf, welder) and mechanical properties.
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All the durability of the wood
the elastic modulus and density associated with well-documented relationships, which are different for conifers and fylovolla, and hence the corresponding subheading of strength category.
